Cliques And Its Effect On Society - 1341 Words

It has always been curious to me as to why cliques begin forming in adolescence and then become so important to us for the rest of our lives. Cliques make many parents, including myself, feel uncomfortable when thinking about our own children. This is because this word has a connotation of creating a separation between the â€Å"cool kids† and the â€Å"losers.† As a parent I would like to think that children are always kind and understanding with each other, but whether I like it or not, cliques begin forming early on and unfortunately for some, lead to feelings of being ostracized. This leads me to question what drives the formation of cliques and how early on in our lives do these driving forces begin the process. Friendships form based on the tendency to associate with individuals who we share many similarities with. Cliques begin forming as children when we choose friends who are similar to us. Friends then influence each other and result in them becoming more alike as the friendships develop over time. Studies have also shown that cliques are beginning to form earlier with the emergence of daycares and children being socialized at younger ages (NICHD, 2006). In my personal experience working in a daycare, it was evident that kids began grouping themselves based on age and genders but mutual interests would begin to form which solidified the friendships. It would make sense then that this behavior would then transfer over into elementary school and progress to become moreShow MoreRelatedThe, Freaks, And The Non Elites Essay1416 Words   |  6 Pages Geeks, Freaks, and the Rest of the Non-Elites Who are the geeks, freaks, and the non-elites? In every high school there is social stratification and social cliques. Social stratification is the division of society according to rank, class, or caste [See Figure 1.]. Orientation toward peers and immersion in friendships are defining features of adolescence . â€Å"Through friendships, adolescents learn about what others are doing, anticipate accepted and expected behaviors, figure out how to presentRead More The Effect of Cliques on High School Students Essay examples1563 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effect of Cliques on High School Students Most college freshman can still vividly remember their high school days. These days included ruling the school as seniors, or running from the seniors as lowly ninth graders. These days included having lunch with friends, and gossiping in the hallways between classes. Whatever was done, it was usually done with a friend or a group of friends. Most of these groups can be considered cliques. Cliques are groups where there is some kind of commonRead MoreTeen Delinquency And Its Effects On Society963 Words   |  4 PagesIn modern society juvenile delinquency has been an issue engaged in by minors. More and more adolescents are committing delinquent crimes. Delinquency can be seen as the direct result of negative affective states. Gangs are a group of youths who collectively engage in delinquent behavior. Peer groups can provide a lot of social and emotional support for anti-social activities. Peer relations, in all cultures have been linked to adolescent behavior choices including substance abuse and delinquencyRead MoreEssay on Adolescent Development in Mean Girls1402 Words   |  6 Pagesschool system. During her first week of school Cady becomes friends with two people in one of her classes named Janis and Damien, who unbeknownst to her are a part of the outcast crowd. They convince her to befriend â€Å"The Plastics† who are a well-known clique of girls, beca use it would be fun to see what their lives are like on the other side that people don’t see. She goes along with this plan and quickly her life begins to change. On the first day of school Cady enters the cafeteria during lunch andRead MoreEssay Deviance is Relative1566 Words   |  7 Pages Counter-stereotypical behavior may be viewed as acts of deviance; Phelan and Rudman defined backlash effects as â€Å"social and economic penalties for counter-stereotypical behavior† (2008). Phelan and Rudman concluded â€Å"When stereotypes are violated, people take notice.† I have seen people take notice of two men holding hands. Phelan, J. E., and Rudman, L. A. provided a few examples of the effects of deviance. A particular female puffing on a cylindrical roll of tobacco sticks out like a sore thumbRead MoreWilliam Damon Is An Educator / Researcher On Psychology And Education1597 Words   |  7 Pagesbuilt. Regardless of age cliques and crowds always develop among children and adults. A clique is a group of member that share common interests, often are of the same gender. The members of the group are often labeled or stereotyped. Cr owds are very similar to cliques, both shape the minds of children on how they should act or how they should be. Both add pressure to adolescents under peer pressure such as drinking, smoking, skipping school, or sex in order to fit it. Cliques and crowds develop as aRead MoreLet Teen Agers Try Adulthood1273 Words   |  6 Pagesto the learning they gained in school but to the harsh realities they faced once they moved into adulthood. Although Botstein highlights the various problems faced by students in high school but to effect change he needs to gain the support of the parents, in addition to wealth. The only way to effect change in the American school system is to be driven by both the student’s parents and the individuals that can influence the school board. The social issue Botstein is addressing and trying to solveRead MoreEssay about The Breakfest Club683 Words   |  3 Pagesof the characteristics and themes she has described in the article: suburban setting, vague social concerns, high school cliques, uncaring parents, characters wearing the latest fashions and top 40 soundtrack music have been proven true in The Breakfast Club. The movie has a suburban setting inside a high school, and the characters each belong to one of the high school cliques: freak, princess, bully, jock and geek. At the very beginning of the movie when the characters are introduced, each of themRead MoreThe Core Goal Of Villanova University939 Words   |  4 PagesThe core goal of Villanova University, in essence any university, is to cheaply produce critical thinkers while making money at the same time. Unfortunately for students, this process is not in their favor. In an increasingly capitalistic society, universities have gradually evolved into businesses. An example of this â€Å"corporatization of the academy† is the adjunct professor. Through no fault of their own, adjuncts have become pawns in a money making process which inevitably harms the students byRead MoreThe Cause and Effect of Joining a Gang with reference to Mara Salvatrucha 131200 Words   |  5 PagesThe Cause and Effect of Joining a Gang with reference to M ara Salvatrucha 13 According to the Cambridge Dictionary (n.d.), a gang is defined as, â€Å"a group of criminals that work together.† Gangs are a powerful force that is a constant threat against society. As of 2011, the National Gang Center (n.d.) estimates there to be 782,500 gang members in the United States alone. Mara Salvatrucha 13, also known as MS-13, is one of the biggest and most threatening gangs. The High Intensity Drug Trafficking

Major Trends in Bank Management Free Essays

The banking industry of the United States has experienced tremendous changes over the past few decades.   Regulation has had to keep up with the times, of course.   The three major changes that the banks of America have worked around in recent decades have required regulatory transformations in order to increase the profits of the banks and at the same time to make banking a more convenient facility on offer to the consumers, investors, etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Major Trends in Bank Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now    Banks have merged and also ventured into the provision of nontraditional banking services to increase their revenues. An example of added convenience that the recent changes in the industry have brought about is the growing number of American banks in foreign countries.   Seeing that globalization has shifted a large number of American businesses into foreign markets as multinational corporations, the wisdom behind opening American banks in the self same foreign markets is apparent.   As a matter of fact, besides consolidation and the provision of nontraditional banking services, globalization is the third major trend that has faced the banking industry of the United States especially in the latter half of the twentieth century. The McFadden Act of 1927 was an enemy of the expansion of U.S. banks.   By prohibiting banks from expanding across state lines, this Act was not only a barrier to competition but was also responsible for the establishment of a huge number of small banks with little to show in terms of assets.   Thanks to the loopholes that McFadden carried along, the Act was eventually repealed, but only after the states of America began to allow their banks to branch across state lines.   It was in 1975 that the state of Maine first allowed interstate branching unto its bank holding companies.   Other states of America developed their own banking regulations to the same effect, eventually to rule out the McFadden Act, which was actually replaced by the  Congress in the year 1994 when the Riegel-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act was passed. This new legislation allowed all U.S. banks to branch across state lines.   Consequently, there were important bank mergers that reduced the number of banks in the country, but did not decrease the number of physical banks or branches sprawled across the United States.   Many of the physical banks or branches of banks remained under the supervision of the big, merged banks.   Although economists believe that the big, merged banks should be experiencing economies of scale in addition to economies of scope, there is no evidence yet to suggest that the consolidated banks of America have indeed experienced economies of scale and scope.   At the same time, it has been shown that bank mergers have the capacity to check inefficiency.   When an efficient bank takes over an inefficient bank that did not fare too well during the McFadden days; there are obvious quality improvement implications. The second major trend that the banking industry of the U.S. experienced especially in the latter half of the twentieth century was concerned with the provision of nontraditional banking services.   Given that banks are functioning for the sake of profits – anything that threatens a source of bank revenue must be replaced by a different revenue source and the changes backed by regulation.   The Glass-Steagall Act of 1933 was an obstruction to the revenue generating function of U.S. banks. This Act prohibited banks from venturing forth into investment markets, allowing the financial markets alone to enjoy the blessings of the large corporate loans business.   Another loss facing the banks of the nation was a new regulatory requirement introduced during the 1980s making it mandatory for banks to keep a specified minimum ratio of equity capital to total assets. Fortunately, however, during the 1960s, the banks of the United States had already  begun to publicly decry the Glass-Steagall Act, ultimately to have it repealed and replaced by the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999.   Subsequently, today’s banks are permitted to provide a variety of nontraditional banking services, including interest rate swaps, financial futures, and financial options; and thereby increase their revenues.   Increases in bank profits are expected to lead to quality improvements also in the traditional banking areas. In addition to the above, the banks of the U.S., especially since the last two decades of the twentieth century, have increasingly assumed the responsibilities of globalization.   The Edge Act of 1919 had granted express permission to American banks to establish their subsidiaries abroad in order to ease the functioning of international business.   Even so, there were only eight U.S. banks with foreign branches until the 1960s. Today, there are more than one hundred U.S. banks with foreign branches – all making it easy especially for American businesses in foreign countries to transact with them.   As globalization has replaced the Cold War era in a period of unprecedented integration among markets and economies, a great number of foreign banks have also opened their branches in the United States.   These foreign banks in the U.S. were by and large unregulated until the year 1978.   The International Banking Act of 1978 changed this to mandate that all foreign banks must also be regulated like the local (American) banks in the country. Even though globalization arrived full-fledged at the banking industry during the last two decades of the twentieth century, its signs had begun to appear as early as 1960s.   During that time, the Regulation Q, putting a ceiling on interest rates in the United States, had compelled a huge number of investors to move into European markets where regulations were relatively  relaxed.   Eurodollars were created when the U.S. dollars began to move out of their home country to be deposited into and borrowed from banks that were outside the country. The Eurobond market, for long-term investment, was similarly created outside the United States, albeit committed to transactions in U.S. dollars in countries where regulations were more relaxed than in the U.S.   These countries were not just in Europe, however.   The Bahamas and the Caymans, for example, played an active role in the Euromarket because of little or no regulation as well as nearly zero taxation. The most recent development in the banking industry in the area of globalization has been the permission granted by Federal Reserve for the establishment of International Banking Facilities.   Allowed since 1981, these special facilities are based in the U.S. and largely unregulated.   The only condition that these International Banking Facilities are required to meet is twofold: (1) International Banking Facilities should only deposit money that comes to them from outside the United States; and (2) They must only lend to borrowers that are based abroad.   American multinational corporations in foreign countries may also avail the services of International Banking Facilities.     This kind of departmentalization in terms of the sources and uses of funds is meant to add to the convenience of banking.   Furthermore, the creation of International Banking Facilities, plus the changes that the banking industry has experienced in terms of consolidation and the provision of nontraditional banking services; proffer evidence that the regulatory agencies are in fact committed to the improvement of business in general.    How to cite Major Trends in Bank Management, Essay examples

Marketing Communications Plan of Woolworth Samples for Students

Question: Prepare a Marketing Communications Plan for Selected Organization. Answer: Introduction Marketing communication planning is important for marketing managers when developing marketing strategies(Hossen, 2015). The plan enables organizations to exploit opportunities, reinforce a brand, and focus on new markets. The retail market in Australia is currently characterized with intense competition and changes in business environment. Some of the big supermarkets in Australia like Jewel food stores, Welcome Mart, Sims Supermarket, and Woolworth are employing marketing strategies in order to maintain and compete in the market. One of the marketing strategies employed by the stores is developing a marketing communication plan(Westwood, 2016). This paper will focus on creating a marketing communication plan for Woolworth supermarket. Background of Woolworth supermarket Woolworth supermarket is one of the largest retail supermarkets in Australia known for supply of fresh vegetables, fruits and meat. The retail store enjoys the largest market share of about 64% with over 961 stores across the country. The service provision is depended upon 111000 employees located in different support offices, stores and distribution centers. It is reported that 96% of fresh produce from farmers is supplied to Woolworth. Recent financial report of 2016 showed increases of profits of about AUD 2.2 million across its stores. One notable statistics from the report was that 2% of the revenue originated from special orders from the countries Japan and China. Sales record of 2016 showed that the dominant product purchased in the two countries were meat produce(Vu, 2016). That has prompted the Woolworth management to rethink on the marketing strategy of the two emerging markets. Woolworth supermarket marketing objectives Woolworth development of marketing communication plan will be guided by the following objectives: To increase the market share from 64% to 74% through penetration of new markets within a period of 12 months. To develop a meat produce brand suitable for the new markets within a period of 12 months. Marketing segmentation Segmentation of the market is important when focusing to meet customer needs or wants(Blakeman, 2014). The study will review four types of market segmentation which include demographic, geographical, behavioral, and psycho-graphic segmentations. Segmentation will be done by Woolworth supermarket in order to identify the target, positioning, creative and media strategy to employ. Demographic segmentation The current business environment in Australia is characterized by an increase in the number of old citizens and different types of occupations. Market survey conducted by R D team of the retail store showed 66.7% of sales originated from customers aged between 50-75 years. Sales data showed that the company made more sales from ready to eat meat produce which was attributed to the working class. Woolworth supermarket will need to repackage the meat produce in order to meet the customer needs and wants. Geographical segmentation Woolworth supermarket customers are located in different locations including cities, states and countries. Financial records of 2016 showed that there was an increase in sales originating from new markets of China and Japan. To serve the varying needs of this customers the store will distributing and exporting meat produce to new markets. Exports will be done to new countries like China and Japan. Psycho-graphic segmentation Over the years Woolworth supermarket meat produce have been known to be of higher quality. Woolworth supermarket customer feedback report showed that majority of the country citizens is happy with company meat products because of its cultural heritage identification(Vu, 2016). The retail store will continue maintaining value by producing fresh meat produce that will be consistent with Aboriginal culture and lifestyle. Behavioral segmentation The Australian consumers have higher regards on their nutritional status(Vu, 2016). The sales data from retail store show that there are more purchases of good when the items are delivered in comparison to non-delivery days. They wish to continue consuming fresh produce from the right source. Products produced by the retail store will be served fresh as per the needs of the consumers. Target strategy Through the various markets segmentation and financial data reported for the retail store to achieve the intended objectives the target strategy it will focus on demographic and geographical segmentation. The two types of segments provide data useful to justify the intended target population. In order to capture new markets and customers strategies should focus on penetrating new markets like China and Japan, and increasing sales to the older consumers. Positioning strategy In order to position well in the new markets and be able to meet the target population needs positioning strategies of market penetration will be employed(Armstrong, G., Adam, S., Denize, S., Kotler, P., 2014). The meat produce for this specific target group will be differentiated to capture their needs. Product customization with the target population culture will be done to increase identification and ownership. More salesperson will be employed to ensure availability of meat produce to the older target population. Creative strategy To boost more sales in both new market product innovation strategies and purchasing strategies will be employed(Baker, 2014). The use of logistics management will be employed to reduce costs which will reduce prices and attract more customers sensitive to prices. Better software aided application for electronic gadgets will be developed in order to increase customer convenience when making orders and payments. Media strategy Woolworth supermarket media strategy is to ensure that product characteristics and uniqueness is communicated to the targeted population(Royle, J Laing, A, 2014). The strategy involves proper marketing techniques and methods in order information reaches the targeted audiences(Blakeman, 2014). Media planning Media planning of Woolworth meat products will begin by mapping process. The process involves identification of customer needs, accessibility and effective means of communication. The planning process will also be guided by other characteristics like the ethical considerations and the exiting institutional policies. The justification of the media channel will be based on appropriateness and availability of resources(Team, B., Schori, A., MacLean, M., Shipe, J., Wickenkamp, A., Wehr, A., 2014). The planning will involve members from different units within the organization. Traditional media Woolworth supermarket will be employing the use of public relation officers and salesperson to market the meat produce. The two traditional media channels were chosen because they provide immediate feedback when dealing with new markets. They provide the suitable direct means in which the business can interact with the customers effectively and efficiently. Internet Changes in technology as prompted business organization to employ internet in business operations(Blakeman, 2014). For the targeted customers located in other countries the internet (website) will provide a better media channel to communicate, advertise, order, and review Woolworth products. Digital To increase self-service convenience and comfort Woolworth will design electronic aided application specifically for the retail store. The application will facilitate ordering, payment, and feedback process. The digital media will help capture a number of new customers. Media scheduling Media strategy will be executed by Woolworth by having a media execution plan. Table 1shows a summary of media plan. Table 1 Media plan schedule Events Time schedule Preparation of marketing plan materials 4th may 2017 to 10th June 2017 Development of marketing application software 15th to 25th June 2017 Market communication with China markets 1th July to 1st August 2017 Market communication with Japan markets 10th Sep 2017 to 1st Nov 2017 Public relations salesmanship visits 15th Nov 2017 to 20th Nov 2017 Review and reporting 1st Jan 2017 to 15th Jan 2017 Marketing budget Market budget is important component in ensuring market deliverables are achieved effectively(Parente, D. Strausbaugh, R, Hutchinson,K, 2014). Table 2 shows a summary of the budget. Table 2 Market budget Items Cost (AUD) Stationery 500.00 Transport 5000.00 Sales persons wages (3months) 1000.00 Media materials (assorted) 3500.00 Advertising costs 2000.00 Public address hiring 500.00 Permits 1000.00 Branded materials 2500.00 Call charges 200.00 Miscellaneous expenses 1700.00 Totals 17900.00 Evaluation and control Information obtained from internal and external information systems will be analyzed and compared with planned schedules. Data from the field will originate from sales forecasts, revenue estimates, salespersons records, financial records which will be analyzed to aid in decision making. Monitoring of the entire process will be done continuously but evaluation will be done periodically. The analyzed data will provide an avenue for decision making through evaluations and control mechanisms(Moriarty, S., Mitchell, N. D., Wells, W. D., Crawford, R., Brennan, L., Spence-Stone, R. (2014), 2014). Conclusion Marketing communication planning is an important component in ensuring that the right products and services are provided. The marketing communication will be useful to Woolworth supermarket in achieving the intended objectives. It will help them choose the suitable strategies to employ to meet the required targets. The meat product promotion will enable them to increase their revenues and market share to the intended audiences both locally and internationally. If the plan is backed up with the required support it provides a useful tool that marketing managers can use. The plan provides suitable strategies, techniques, tools and media channels that marketing personnels can use to ensure they communicate with customers. References Armstrong, G., Adam, S., Denize, S., Kotler, P. (2014). Principles of marketing. Stenburg : Pearson Australia. Baker, M. (2014). Marketing strategy and management. New York: Palgrave Macmillan . Blakeman, R. (2014). Intergrated marketing communication: creative strategy idea to implementation. New Delhi: Rowman Littlefield. Hossen, s. (2015). Marketing management: a relationship approach. New York: Pearson Education . Moriarty, S., Mitchell, N. D., Wells, W. D., Crawford, R., Brennan, L., Spence-Stone, R. (2014). (2014). Advertising: principles and practice. Strowburg : Pearson Australia. Parente, D. Strausbaugh, R, Hutchinson,K. (2014). Advertising campaign strategy: Aguide to marketing communication plans. Chicago: Cengage Learning. Royle, J Laing, A. (2014). The digital marketing skills gap: developing a digital marketer model for the communication industries. International journal of information management, 34(2), 65-73. Team, B., Schori, A., MacLean, M., Shipe, J., Wickenkamp, A., Wehr, A. (2014). Intergrated marketing communication plan. Bahmuda : Cengage publishers. Vu, T. (2016). A B2B digital marketing communication plan. Chicago: Machinery and informatics technology. Westwood, J. (2016). How to write a marketing plan. New York: Kogan Page Publishers.